IAFNS Dietary Lipids Committee Meeting

Restricted Carbohydrate Diets Below 45% Energy are not Associated with Risk of Mortality in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2018

Fat Intake Modifies the Association between Restricted Carbohydrate Diets and Prevalent Cardiometabolic Diseases among Adults in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2018

Cardiometabolic Effects of Low Carbohydrate/ Healthy Fat Diets

Despite robust research on the implications of modifying the fat content and composition of the diet on health, this has not been systematically studied in those following various low carbohydrate diets. Recommendations for lower carbohydrate diets should be clear about how to make food substitution choices that promote overall health.

Institution: Tufts University
Principal Investigator: Paul Jacques, D.Sc.
Year Awarded: 2021

View this project on the Center for Open Science’s Open Science Framework.

This work was supported by IAFNS Dietary Lipids Committee.

Associations Between Blood Fatty Acids and Sleep Duration: A Pooled Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

Sleep is a key lifestyle factor that both affects and is affected by diet. Data pooled from studies in the FORCE consortium will be examined to determine the relationship between blood fatty acid levels and either too much or too little sleep.

Institution: University of British Columbia
Principal Investigator: Rachel Murphy, PhD
Year Awarded: 2018

Read more: PUFA ω-3 and ω-6 Biomarkers and Sleep: A Pooled Analysis of Cohort Studies on Behalf of the Fatty Acids and Outcomes Research Consortium (FORCE)

This work was supported by IAFNS Dietary Lipids Committee.

Blood Fatty Acid Fingerprint to Predict Risk for Total Mortality

Circulating levels of blood fatty acids are being used to stratify patients into risk categories with regard to the development of chronic disease and death. The fatty acids most clearly associated with reduced risk for cardiovascular disease (CDV) and for death from any cause are the marine omega-3 fatty acids, EPA and DHA. However, these are just two fatty acids representing a single fatty acid family. Is it possible to use all of the information in the 28-fatty acid profile – a “fingerprint”- to more accurately predict risk of mortality?

The aim of this project is to build a valid blood fatty acid fingerprint that predicts risk of total mortality more accurately than the current Framingham Risk Score. The Principal Investigator will use the Framingham Heart Study’s Offspring Cohort to build a blood fatty acid risk predictor for total mortality based on longitudinal data and compare the predictive power with the Framingham Risk Score.

Institution: OmegaQuant, LLC
Principal Investigator: William Harris, PhD
Year Awarded: 2018

Read more: Using an Erythrocyte Fatty Acid Fingerprint to Predict Risk of All-Cause Mortality: the Framingham Offspring Cohort

Learn more about the IAFNS Dietary Lipids Committee.

 

 

Precision Nutrition: How Combinatory Patterns of SNPs and Nutrition Interact with Mechanistic Elements of Lipid Metabolism

Genetic differences have been shown to explain why blood LDL-cholesterol increases in many people fed dairy fat, but in others this results in a neutral or decreased response LDL response. Likewise, specific genetic modifiers have been shown to predict why cholesterol-lowering plant sterols are highly effective in many people, but not in others. Customizing dietary guidance to those likely to realize benefit is paramount to improving efficacy of dietary recommendations. The aim of this study is to develop a model that predicts the effects of lipid-modulating dietary components using genetic multi-SNP algorithms.

Institution: University of Manitoba
Principal Investigator: Peter Jones, PhD
Year Awarded: 2017

Read more: Common Genetic Variations Involved in the Inter-Individual Variability of Circulating Cholesterol Concentrations in Response to Diets: A Narrative Review of Recent Evidence

Read more: A Combination of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms is Associated with the Interindividual Variability in the Blood Lipid Response to Dietary Fatty Acid Consumption in a Randomized Clinical Trial

Learn more about the IAFNS Dietary Lipids Committee.

Best Practices for the Design, Laboratory Analysis, and Reporting of Trials Involving Fatty Acids

Differences in how samples are collected, analyzed, and reported hamper research reproducibility and translation into dietary guidance. The goal of this project is to develop best practices for measuring and reporting circulating fatty acids in blood. The resulting best practices are intended to improve reproducibility in studies in which blood fatty acids are reported, by setting and communicating best practices for measurement and reporting factors that are directly controlled by study investigators.

Institutions: University of Texas at Austin, Université de Sherbrooke, University of Waterloo, University of Manitoba, NIAA National Institutes of Health
Principal Investigators: Expert writing group: J Thomas Brenna, PhD; Mélanie Plourde, PhD; Ken Stark, PhD; Peter Jones, PhD; Yu-Hong Lin, PhD
Year Awarded: 2017

Read More: Best practices for the design, laboratory analysis, and reporting of trials involving fatty acids

Learn more about the IAFNS Dietary Lipids Committee.

Modeling the Impact of High-Oleic Soybean, Sunflower, and Canola Oils on Fatty Acid Intakes

Food production affords opportunities to select from a variety of commercially available fats/oils to achieve specific functional product characteristics. Widespread changes in the food supply, even if small for individuals, can shift population intakes and potentially modify cardiovascular risk. Modeling changes in advance of widespread commercial adoption can be used to predict the upper potential and lead to informed choices. The aim of this project is to model a scenario in which high oleic oils replace comparable vegetable oils at high levels in order to estimate potential changes to fatty acid intakes and cardiovascular risk in the US population.

Institution: Creme Global Ltd
Principal Investigator: Conor McGauran
Year Awarded: 2016

Project Poster

Learn more about the IAFNS Dietary Lipids Committee.